UNH TDP - Concurrent Measurements of Inflow, Power Performance, and Loads for a Grid-Synchronized Vertical Axis Cross-Flow Turbine Operating in a Tidal Estuary

Description

This data was collected between October 12 and December 15 of 2021 at the University of New Hampshire (UNH) and Atlantic Marine Energy Center (AMEC) turbine deployment platform (TDP). This data set includes over 29 days of grid connected turbine operation during this 65 day time frame. The priority for this measurement campaign was to collect data while the turbine was electrically connected to the grid by means of a rectifier and inverter. The Fall_2021_UNH_Measurement_Timeline.png highlights when each instrument was functioning and the Fall_2021_UNH_Test_Log.jpg indicates the four main regions for analysis available from this measurement campaign. The TDP is a floating structure moored on the Portsmouth facing side of Memorial Bridge pier #2, which spans the Piscataqua River between Portsmouth, NH and Kittery, ME. The Piscataqua River connects the Great Bay Estuary to the Gulf of Maine and the river currents are dominated by tidal forcing with water velocities exceeding 2.5 m/s during spring ebb tides at this site which were previously characterized by Kaelin Chancey (Assessment Of The Localized Flow And Tidal Energy Conversion System At An Estuarine Bridge - UNH MS Thesis 2019). The turbine under test was a modified New Energy Corporation (Calgary, CA) model EVG-025 4-blade H-Darrius type vertical axis cross flow turbine that rotates in the clockwise direction with a rotor diameter of 3.2m and blade length of 1.7m. The hydro-foil profile was a NACA 0021 with a 10 inch chord length and a blade preset pitch angle of +4deg with a positive angle corresponding with the toe in direction. The standard EVG-025 has a rotor diameter of 3.4m and its rated power output is 25kW at 3 m/s. The rotor diameter was reduced to accommodate the size of the existing TDP moon-pool. This project was pursued to quantify device performance for cross flow turbines operating in a marine environment. Accurate physical models, to characterize cross flow turbine performance, require real operational data sets due to the complexity of blade fluid interactions. This data can help support model development which will help predict turbine performance when analyzing perspective project locations in the future. Instrumentation was deployed to measure; water speed/direction, electrical power output, turbine shaft speed, turbine thrust force, and platform motion. Concurrent measurements of these parameters allow for correlations (cause and affect) to be inferred, allowing for characterization of device performance over a range of operating conditions. Water currents were measured using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP's) and Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADV's) directly upstream and downstream of the turbine for inflow, wake and turbulence measurements. Electrical power output was measured using the Voltsys rectifier and the Shark power meter. Shaft speed was calculated based on the Voltsys measurements of the permanent magnet three phase generator AC generation frequency, coupled directly to the cross flow turbine under test (i.e., no gear box). Platform motions were captured using a Yost IMU (inertial measurement unit). Turbine thrust loading was measured using a reaction arm about the turbine deployment platform spanning beam, where two bi-directional load cells were connected to the system via a pinned connection. This submission includes zipped folders for each instrument containing quality controlled (QC'd) data in daily .csv files for the relevant duration specific to each instrument, along with separate .csv file that contains the units for each variable. Some instrument daily files are quite large and can pose a challenge for a visual spreadsheet editor to open. A processing software like MATLAB or Python is recommended. Note the degree of QC varied between each instrument due to time constraints. Particular time and attention was given to perform quality control tests on the acoustic based instruments that are particularly susceptible to erroneous data reporting. All variables across all instruments were verified for name and proper units. A complete reference on the QC tests performed and subsequent data reported here is available in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis Chapter 4. The zipped file structure, Data_Viewing_Matlab_Scripts, contains the same QC'd data reported in .csv files, but in .mat format, along with basic viewing and in depth processing scripts used to produce the results presented in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis. To run the viewing and analysis and scripts available in the Data_Viewing_Matlab_scripts zip directory MATLAB R2021a is recommended. The viewer is directed to 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis for an introduction to the platform and turbine under test. Individual submissions will be created for each instrument to disseminate the raw data along with the .mat processing scripts used to create the final data set reported in this submission.

Resources

Name Format Description Link
34 This image provides a basic layout of each instruments location on the platform. The exact dimensions can be found in the 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis document and in each instruments READ ME text file. The Voltsys rectifier and Shark power meter are not shown because there physical locations are not relevant to the data they collect. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Fall_2021_UNH_TDP_Instrument_Locations.png
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the velocity data recorded by the Bow Nortek Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Serial no VEC13247. The sample rate was set to 16Hz. Note this data is reported in three coordinate velocities x, y and z relative to the deployed instrument, the instrument mounts are designed such that the positive x direction for each ADV is facing toward the center of the platform. For the Stern ADV the positive x direction is aligned with the mean flood tidal direction. The data reported here has NOT been transformed from the original instrument deployment orientation. The instrument was deployed with its orientation aligned with the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) standard of positive means flows in the flood direction and negative mean flows in the ebb direction. The details on the deployment location and orientation of the ADV's can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.3.3 (page 79). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADV1_Stern_Velocity.zip
21 This submission contains raw Shark Power Meter data and processing scripts associated with MHKDR submission 394 (UNH TDP - Concurrent Measurements of Inflow, Power Performance, and Loads for a Grid-Synchronized Vertical Axis Cross-Flow Turbine Operating in a Tidal Estuary, DOI: 10.15473/1973860) from the University of New Hampshire and Atlantic Marine Energy Center (AMEC) turbine deployment platform. The user is directed to the MHKDR submission 394 for relevant context and detail of this deployment; see link below. The 394_READ_ME file here provides the description from that submission for quick reference. The READ_ME file for this specific instrument from the 394 submission is also available here. This submission contains a zipped folder structure containing raw data in its original format and MATLAB (2019a) processing scripts used to process and manipulate the data into its final form. The final data products are submitted in the 394 submission. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/492
47 This document provides GPS coordinates taken from each corner of the platform, this information would be useful to locate the bow and stern instruments within the estuary. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/TDP_COORDINATES.txt
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instruments along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADV_READ_ME.txt
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the Voltsys sensor along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/VOLTSYS_READ_ME.txt
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the Yost IMU (inertial measurement unit) instrument along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/YOST_IMU_READ_ME.txt
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the IMU data recorded by the Yost Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) serial no 1800063C. The sample rate was 32Hz. The location of the instrument on the platform is specified in the IMU Read Me.txt file along with the deployment specifications. The details on the pre-deployment calibration process can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.5.2 (page 95). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Yost_IMU.zip
21 Separate submission containing raw data and processing scripts for the ADCP. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/489
21 Separate submission containing raw data and processing scripts for the ADV. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/490
21 Separate submission containing raw data and processing scripts for the Voltsys. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/491
21 Separate submission containing raw data and processing scripts for the IMU. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/493
21 Separate submission containing raw data and processing scripts for the Load Cell. https://mhkdr.openei.org/submissions/494
22 The test log highlights the 4 distinct timelines of interest and the instrumentation that was available during that time. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Fall_2021_UNH_Test_Log.jpg
34 The measurement timeline provides day by day availability of each instrument indicating of it was online (functional) or not. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Fall_2021_UNH_Measurement_Timeline.png
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the system data recorded by the Stern Nortek Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Serial no VEC13247. The Nortek ADV reports system meta data at 1Hz independent of velocity measurement sample rate. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADV1_Stern_System.zip
57 A zipped file structure, containing the same QC’d data reported in .csv files along with basic viewing scripts and in depth processing scripts used to produce the results presented in 2022 – OByrne MS Thesis. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Data_Viewing_Matlab_Scripts.zip
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the data recorded by the Airmar weather station model 200WX. This sensor recorded a variety of atmospheric conditions every 5 minutes. The sensor is located 62.5m above M.L.W. at the top of the Portsmouth side tower of the Memorial Bridge. It is difficult to access the sensor and there are some underlying question on its orientation. The orientation of the sensor is required because wind direction is reported relative to the orientation of the sensor. Until the orientation of the sensor is verified the wind direction data should not be considered reliable. The details on the tower weather station deployment can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.6 (page 99). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Tower_WS1.zip
21 This is a web link to the open access publication of the masters thesis that gives complete information about this platform, turbine and the measurement campaign associated with this data submission. Title: Concurrent Measurements of Inflow, Power Performance and Loads for a Grid-Synchronized Cross-Flow Turbine Operating in a Tidal Estuary. https://www.proquest.com/openview/683dffb1cd5132ac33fd0a2b77b15189/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the system data recorded by the Bow Nortek Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Serial no VEC13263. The Nortek ADV reports system meta data at 1Hz independent of velocity measurement sample rate. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADV2_Bow_System.zip
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the Load Cell sensors along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/TOWER_WS1_READ_ME.txt
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the velocity data recorded by the Stern (1) LinkQuest FlowQuest 1000 Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Serial no 014595. The ADCP was configured to report data in 2 minute ensembles with a ping rate of 2s. Note this data is reported in three coordinate velocities x, y and z relative to the deployed instrument, the instrument mounts are designed such that the positive x direction for both bow and stern ADCP's are parallel to the long axis (bow to stern direction) of the platform and are positive with the mean direction of the ebb tide flow. The data reported here from both ADCP's have NOT been transformed from the original instrument deployment orientation to coincide with the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) standard of positive means flows in the flood direction and negative mean flows in the ebb direction. The details on the deployment location and orientation of the ADCP's can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.2.3 (page 66). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADCP1_Stern.zip
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the velocity data recorded by the Bow LinkQuest FlowQuest 1000 Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Serial no 014594. The ADCP was configured to report data in 2 minute ensembles with a ping rate of 2s. Note this data is reported in three coordinate velocities x, y and z relative to the deployed instrument, the instrument mounts are designed such that the positive x direction for both bow and stern ADCPs are parallel to the long axis (bow to stern direction) of the platform and are positive with the mean direction of the ebb tide flow. The data reported here from both ADCP's have NOT been transformed from the original instrument deployment orientation to coincide with the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) standard of positive means flows in the flood direction and negative mean flows in the ebb direction. The details on the deployment location and orientation of the ADCP's can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.2.3 (page 66). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADCP2_Bow.zip
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the Shark Meter instrument along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/SHARK_METER_READ_ME.txt
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the Load Cell data recorded by the two pancake tension and compression load cells. The sample rate was 100Hz. Port Side Load Cell: LCM Systems serial no 539482 Starboard Side Load Cell: LCM Systems serial no 539483 An error in the data collection code of the raw load cell signals (with no raw data saved) resulted in all measurements to be recorded as a positive value when tensile values should have been recorded as negatives. This required the development of a custom algorithm to evaluate each point in the record to decide if it should remain a positive value or if it should be reassigned as a negative value. This algorithm was based on initial offset conditions between each load cell and the derivative of the raw signals with respect to one another as primary driving conditions. The data files reported here are the results after this algorithm was applied to the raw signals. The corrected Port Side Load Cell signal is reported in column 7 (kN). The corrected Starboard Side Load Cell signal is reported in column 8 (kN). The corrected signals were summed and then a smoothing function was applied to produce a resultant load cell signal in column 9 (kN). **Note it is important to remember that this variable is NOT the resultant force on the turbine but the resultant force on the load cells. ** To translate this value (column 9) into turbine thrust force knowledge of the system geometry is required. Please refer to 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.1 (page 50) for insight on how to make this transformation. For more on this custom algorithm design and implementation refer to 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.1.5 (page 59). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Load_Cell.zip
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the Load Cell sensors along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/LOAD_CELL_READ_ME.txt
47 This document provides detail related to the deployment of the ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) instruments along with information on each script used to process the data into the final form presented in this submission. Supporting submissions for each instrument will contain the raw data and processing scripts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADCP_READ_ME.txt
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the Voltsys rectifier which logs numerous turbine performance parameters. The sample rate was set to 1Hz for the majority of the measurement campaign and was increased to 5Hz after 11/18/21 15:27:38 UTC. Primary variables of interest: Inverter Power (column 31), reported in kW, is the measure of the DC power output from the rectifier which supply's the inverter during grid synchronous operation only. This means that there are times when the rectifier is recording that the turbine is rotating but no power is being delivered to the inverter due to insufficient generator voltage, ie spinning slowly. Generation frequency (column 8) which is proportional to turbine shaft speed using equation 4.18 available in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis (page 86). The number of poles on this permanent magnet generator is 40. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Voltsys.zip
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the Shark Power Meter which logged numerous electrical power parameters on the 480 VAC grid synchronous side of the electrical connection while the system was synchronized to the grid. The sample rate was 1Hz. Note this sensor was configured to record only during expected times when the turbine was operating gird synchronously, this was correlated with low power factor readings and a parameter of Power Factor < 0.40 was selected as the threshold for data recording. This introduced brief missing timepoints in the record during operation that were identified and inserted into the data reported here. (For more information on this topic refer to 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.4.3 Shark 100 Meter Data Guide) Primary variables of interest: Reactive Power 3-Phase (column 26), reported in vars or (Volt-ampere reactive). Apparent Power 3-Phase (column 27), reported in V-A or (Watts), is analogous to the inverter power parameter logged by the Voltsys rectifier. Real Power 3-Phase (column 28), reported in Watts. https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/Shark_Meter.zip
57 Zip folder containing daily .csv files for the velocity data recorded by the Bow Nortek Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) Serial no VEC13263. The sample rate was set to 16Hz. Note this data is reported in three coordinate velocities x, y and z relative to the deployed instrument, the instrument mounts are designed such that the positive x direction for each ADV is facing toward the center of the platform. For the Bow ADV the positive x direction is aligned with the mean ebb tidal direction. The data reported here has been transformed from the original instrument deployment orientation to coincide with the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) standard of positive means flows in the flood direction and negative mean flows in the ebb direction. The details on the deployment location and orientation of the ADV's can be found in 2022 - OByrne MS Thesis section 4.3.3 (page 79). https://mhkdr.openei.org/files/394/ADV2_Bow_Velocity.zip

Tags

  • experimental-data
  • tidal
  • processed-data
  • hydrokinetic
  • cross-flow
  • vertical-axis
  • mhk
  • grid-connected
  • matlab
  • field-data
  • marine
  • power
  • code
  • living-bridge
  • technology
  • tidal-current
  • energy

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