Turbidity (Kd490) Average Annual Maximum Anomaly, 1998-2018 - American Samoa

Description

Spectrally resolved water-leaving radiances (ocean color) and inferred chlorophyll concentration are key to studying phytoplankton dynamics at seasonal and inter-annual scales, for a better understanding of the role of phytoplankton in marine biogeochemistry; the global carbon cycle; and the response of marine ecosystems to climate variability, change, and feedback processes. Ocean color data also have a critical role in operational observation systems monitoring coastal eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and sediment plumes. The contiguous ocean color record reached 21 years in 2018. However, it is comprised of a number of one-off missions such that creating a consistent time series of ocean color data requires merging of the individual sensors without introducing artifacts. The diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm (Kd490) indicates the turbidity of the water column: i.e., how well visible light in the blue to green region of the spectrum penetrates the water column. The value of Kd490 represents the rate at which light at 490 nm is attenuated with depth. For example, a Kd490 of 0.1 per meter means that light intensity is reduced by one natural log within 10 meters of water. Thus, for a Kd490 of 0.1, one attenuation length is 10 meters. Higher Kd490 values mean shallower attenuation depths and thus higher turbidity, or lower clarity, of ocean water. This layer represents the annual average of the maximum anomaly of Kd490 (m-1) from 1998-2018. Data products generated by the Ocean Colour component of the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. These files are 8-day 4-km composites of merged sensor products: Global Area Coverage (GAC), Local Area Coverage (LAC), MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua, Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI), Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The Kd490 average annual maximum anomaly was calculated by taking the average of the Kd490 values from the 8-day time series in exceedance of the maximum monthly climatological Kd490 from 1998-2018 for each pixel. A quality control mask was applied to remove spurious data associated with shallow water, following Gove et al., 2013. Time series of anomalies were calculated by quantifying the number and magnitude of events from the 8-day time series that exceed the maximum climatological monthly mean. Nearshore map pixels with no data were filled with values from the nearest neighboring valid offshore pixel by using a grid of points and the Near Analysis tool in ArcGIS then converting points to raster. Data source: https://oceanwatch.pifsc.noaa.gov/erddap/griddap/esa-cci-kd-8d-v5-0.graph

Resources

Name Format Description Link
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
0 https://coralreef.noaa.gov
0 https://climate.esa.int
27 http://pacioos.org
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
27 http://pacioos.org
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
27 http://pacioos.org
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
0 https://coralreef.noaa.gov
0 https://climate.esa.int
27 http://pacioos.org
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
27 http://pacioos.org
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
27 http://pacioos.org
0 This URL provides access to this dataset via GeoServer, including multiple output formats and an OpenLayers viewer. http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center
50 Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS). Supported WCS versions include 1.0.0, 1.1.0, and 1.1.1. Supported output formats include GeoTIFF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, or TIFF. http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/PACIOOS/as_noaa_all_turb_anom_max/ows?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities
52 Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS). Supported WMS versions include 1.1.1 and 1.3.0. Supported map formats include AtomPub, GeoRSS, GeoTIFF, GIF, JPEG, KML/KMZ, PDF, PNG, SVG, and TIFF. Supported info formats include GeoJSON, GeoJSON-P, GML, HTML, and plain text. http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/PACIOOS/as_noaa_all_turb_anom_max/ows?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities
27 http://pacioos.org
52 Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service - Cached (WMS-C). Use of WMS-C is similar to traditional WMS but with the addition of the "tiled=true" parameter, which triggers GeoServer to pull map tiles from GeoWebCache if they have been previously generated. This can dramatically improve performance, especially for larger datasets. Supported map formats include JPEG and PNG. Supported info formats include GeoJSON, GML, HTML, and plain text. http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/PACIOOS/gwc/service/wms?service=WMS&version=1.1.1&request=GetCapabilities&tiled=true
0 This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset. http://pacioos.org/projects/coral-drivers-amsam/
0 This URL provides a viewer for this dataset. http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoexplorer/
0 This URL provides access to this dataset via GeoServer, including multiple output formats and an OpenLayers viewer. https://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/
50 Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS). Supported WCS versions include 1.0.0, 1.1.0, and 1.1.1. Supported output formats include GeoTIFF, GIF, JPEG, PNG, or TIFF. https://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/PACIOOS/as_noaa_all_turb_anom_max/ows?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities
0 This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset. http://pacioos.org/projects/coral-drivers-amsam/
52 Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS). Supported WMS versions include 1.1.1 and 1.3.0. Supported map formats include AtomPub, GeoRSS, GeoTIFF, GIF, JPEG, KML/KMZ, PDF, PNG, SVG, and TIFF. Supported info formats include GeoJSON, GeoJSON-P, GML, HTML, and plain text. https://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/PACIOOS/as_noaa_all_turb_anom_max/ows?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities
0 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/about/pacific-islands-fisheries-science-center

Tags

  • human dimensions
  • swains
  • manua
  • coral reef
  • ecosystems
  • human settlements
  • biosphere
  • oceans
  • pacioos
  • american samoa
  • tutuila
  • coastal areas
  • pacific islands ocean observing system
  • marine ecosystems
  • water quality
  • rose atoll
  • olosega
  • earth science
  • aquatic ecosystems
  • ocean optics
  • ofu
  • ocean
  • polynesia
  • reef habitat
  • coastal processes
  • reef
  • coral reefs
  • pacific ocean
  • tau
  • kd490
  • south pacific ocean
  • turbidity

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