Special Eurobarometer SP522 : Antimicrobial Resistance

Description

Antibiotic use reached a record low in 2021: 23% of Europeans took antibiotics in oral form in the past year, the lowest since 2009. However, this varies from 42% in Malta to 15% in Sweden and Germany. Around 8% of antibiotics were taken without a prescription. A very large proportion of Europeans have taken antibiotics without justification (i.e. for viral infections or symptoms only) or for illnesses like pneumonia or bronchitis, which need a test to confirm the exact cause, and only half of respondents know that antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. People are most likely to take antibiotics for a urinary tract infection (15%), a sore throat (13%), bronchitis (12%), a cold (11%), flu (10%), fever (10%) or COVID-19 (9%). #### Processed data Processed data files for the Eurobarometer surveys are published in .xlsx format. + __Volume A "Countries/EU"__ The file contains frequencies and means or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of (weighted) replies for each country or territory and for (weighted) EU results. + __Volume AP "Trends"__ The file compares to previous poll in (weighted) frequencies and means (or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of replies); shifts for each country or territory foreseen in Volume A and for (weighted) results. + __Volume AA "Groups of countries"__ The file contains (labelled) frequencies and means or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of (weighted) replies for groups of countries specified by the managing unit on the part of the EC. + __Volume AAP "Trends of groups of countries"__ The file contains shifts compared to the previous poll in (weighted) frequencies and means (or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of replies); shifts for each groups of countries foreseen in Volume AA and for (weighted) results. + __Volume B "EU/socio-demographics"__ The file contains (labelled) frequencies and means or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of replies for the EU as a whole (weighted) and cross-tabulated by some 20 sociodemographic, socio-political or other variables, depending on the request from the managing unit on the part of the EC or the managing department of the other contracting authorities. + __Volume BP "Trends of EU/socio-demographics"__ The file contains shifts compared to the previous poll in (weighted) frequencies and means (or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of replies); shifts for each country or territory foreseen in Volume B above)and for (weighted) results. + __Volume C "Country/socio-demographics"__ The file contains (labelled) weighted frequencies and means or other synthetic indicators including elementary bivariate statistics describing distribution patterns of replies for each country or territory surveyed separately and cross-tabulated by some 20 socio-demographic, socio-political or other variables (including a regional breakdown). _________________ For SPSS files and questionnaires, please contact GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences: [https://www.gesis.org/eurobarometer](https://www.gesis.org/eurobarometer)

Resources

Name Format Description Link
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=680883026D87B1326B13E62B3069B3B6
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=FDDAF17CFFCB905B757B26A1CD586EF3
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=ACA599F8DFA8CD76A2915C378A6EEEE7
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=DE3F2654BF738CB9B71CBE8C454419B1
0 https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2632
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=D8B3B813A0429D34AB4166094B62D23E
57 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=BD9FFBEE431A2FC8A3A19466549C9035
54 https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ebsm/api/public/odp/download?key=E6FA9520C0A3595F70CA119420D80552

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Topics

  • GOVE

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