Description
The benthic cover data in this collection result from the analysis of images produced during benthic photo-quadrat surveys conducted along transects at climate stations and permanent sites across American Samoa. These sites were identified by the Ocean and Climate Change team and the ongoing National Coral Reef Monitoring Program. Benthic habitat imagery were quantitatively analyzed using a web-based annotation tool called CoralNet (Beijbom et al. 2015). In general, images are analyzed to produce three functional group levels of benthic cover: Tier 1 (e.g., hard coral, soft coral, macroalgae, turf algae, etc.), Tier 2 (e.g., Hard Coral = massive, branching, foliose, encrusting, etc.; Macroalgae = upright macroalgae, encrusting macroalgae, bluegreen macroalgae, and Halimeda, etc.), and Tier 3 (e.g., Hard Coral = Astreopora sp, Favia sp, Pocillopora, etc.; Macroalgae = Caulerpa sp, Dictyosphaeria sp, Padina sp, etc.). The imagery analyzed in order to produce the benthic cover data is also included in this collection.
Resources
| Name | Format | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Conservation Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130312 | Unknown | O. Beijbom, P. J. Edmunds, C. Roelfsema, J. Smith, D. I. Kline, B. Neal, M. J. Dunlap, V. Moriarty, T-Y. Fan, C-J. Tan, S. Chan, T. Treibitz, A. Gamst, B. G. Mitchell, D. Kriegman. "Towards automated annotation of benthic survey images: variability of human experts and operational modes of automation". PLOS One, July 2015. | Open resource |
| https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130312 | Unknown | O. Beijbom, P. J. Edmunds, C. Roelfsema, J. Smith, D. I. Kline, B. Neal, M. J. Dunlap, V. Moriarty, T-Y. Fan, C-J. Tan, S. Chan, T. Treibitz, A. Gamst, B. G. Mitchell, D. Kriegman. "Towards automated annotation of benthic survey images: variability of human experts and operational modes of automation". PLOS One, July 2015. | Open resource |
| Towards automated annotation of benthic survey images: variability of human experts and operational modes of automation | Unknown | O. Beijbom, P. J. Edmunds, C. Roelfsema, J. Smith, D. I. Kline, B. Neal, M. J. Dunlap, V. Moriarty, T-Y. Fan, C-J. Tan, S. Chan, T. Treibitz, A. Gamst, B. G. Mitchell, D. Kriegman. "Towards automated annotation of benthic survey images: variability of human experts and operational modes of automation". PLOS One, July 2015. | Open resource |
| https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130312 | Unknown | O. Beijbom, P. J. Edmunds, C. Roelfsema, J. Smith, D. I. Kline, B. Neal, M. J. Dunlap, V. Moriarty, T-Y. Fan, C-J. Tan, S. Chan, T. Treibitz, A. Gamst, B. G. Mitchell, D. Kriegman. "Towards automated annotation of benthic survey images: variability of human experts and operational modes of automation". PLOS One, July 2015. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25380 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25380 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25380 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25380 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25383 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25383 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25383 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/25383 | Unknown | InPort Record | Open resource |
| https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0157633 | Unknown | NCEI Documents only accession | Open resource |
| https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0157633 | Unknown | NCEI Documents only accession | Open resource |
| https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0157633 | Unknown | NCEI Documents only accession | Open resource |
| https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0157633 | Unknown | NCEI Documents only accession | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| CRCP Benthic Cover Climate Stations Pacific | HTML | ERDDAP acts as a middleman between you and various remote data servers. ERDDAP offers an easy-to-use, consistent way to request data: via the OPeNDAP standard. Many datasets can also be accessed via ERDDAP's Web Map Service (WMS). ERDDAP returns data in the common file format of your choice. ERDDAP offers all data as .html table, ESRI .asc and .csv, Google Earth .kml, OPeNDAP binary, .mat, .nc, ODV .txt, .csv, .tsv, .json, and .xhtml. | Open resource |
| CRCP Benthic Cover Climate Stations Pacific | HTML | ERDDAP acts as a middleman between you and various remote data servers. ERDDAP offers an easy-to-use, consistent way to request data: via the OPeNDAP standard. Many datasets can also be accessed via ERDDAP's Web Map Service (WMS). ERDDAP returns data in the common file format of your choice. ERDDAP offers all data as .html table, ESRI .asc and .csv, Google Earth .kml, OPeNDAP binary, .mat, .nc, ODV .txt, .csv, .tsv, .json, and .xhtml. | Open resource |
| CRCP Benthic Cover Climate Stations Pacific | HTML | ERDDAP acts as a middleman between you and various remote data servers. ERDDAP offers an easy-to-use, consistent way to request data: via the OPeNDAP standard. Many datasets can also be accessed via ERDDAP's Web Map Service (WMS). ERDDAP returns data in the common file format of your choice. ERDDAP offers all data as .html table, ESRI .asc and .csv, Google Earth .kml, OPeNDAP binary, .mat, .nc, ODV .txt, .csv, .tsv, .json, and .xhtml. | Open resource |
| CRCP Benthic Cover Climate Stations Pacific | HTML | ERDDAP acts as a middleman between you and various remote data servers. ERDDAP offers an easy-to-use, consistent way to request data: via the OPeNDAP standard. Many datasets can also be accessed via ERDDAP's Web Map Service (WMS). ERDDAP returns data in the common file format of your choice. ERDDAP offers all data as .html table, ESRI .asc and .csv, Google Earth .kml, OPeNDAP binary, .mat, .nc, ODV .txt, .csv, .tsv, .json, and .xhtml. | Open resource |
| Granule Search | Unknown | Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved). | Open resource |
| Granule Search | Unknown | Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved). | Open resource |
| Granule Search | Unknown | Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved). | Open resource |
| Granule Search | Unknown | Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved). | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystems Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) website | Unknown | Institution web page | Open resource |
Tags
- 05c2w6
- 0lda5w
- 743
- algae
- algal cover
- american samoa
- american samoa (14s170w0000)
- aquatic habitat
- baseline studies
- belt transect
- benthic
- benthic biology
- benthic habitat
- benthos analysis
- biosphere
- blue-green algae
- climate change
- coastal processes
- coral
- coral communities
- coral cover
- coralnet
- coral point count
- coral reef ecology
- coral reef ecosystem division
- coral reef ecosystem program
- coral reefs
- corals
- country/territory
- cred
- crep
- crustose coralline algae
- earth science
- ecosystem sciences division
- encrusting macroalgae
- esd
- f2jnjr
- habitats
- hard coral cover
- hard coral cover live percentage
- in situ biological
- jp08f6
- linear transect (point)
- machine-learning algorithm
- macroinvertebrates
- manu'a group
- marine biology
- marine invertebrates
- marine plants
- microbiota
- mollusks
- national coral reef monitoring program (ncrmp)
- nd9arx
- numeric data sets
- ocean basin
- ocean chemistry
- oceanography
- oceans
- octocoral cover
- ofu (14s169w0002)
- ofu island
- ofu island (14s169w0013)
- olosega (14s169w0016)
- olosega island
- olosega island (14s169w0014)
- pacific islands fisheries science center
- pacific ocean
- photograph analysis
- photographic analysis
- pifsc
- quadrat monitoring
- ramp
- rapid assessment studies
- reef assessment and monitoring program
- reef habitat
- reef monitoring and assessment
- robot-assisted annotations
- rose atoll (14s168w0001)
- rose atoll marine national monument
- seagrass
- sponges
- swains atoll (11s171w0001)
- ta'u island (14s169w0012)
- transect monitoring
- tridacna
- triennial
- turf algae
- tutuila island (14s170w0016)
- united states of america
- vegetation
- visual images
- ym0nw3
- zoology