Mauna Loa 2022 Eruption Lava and Tephra Chemistry by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF)

Samples of the Mauna Loa 2022 eruption were collected throughout the 15 days of the eruption, and from all eruptive vents, by the U.S. Geological Survey. Emphasis was placed on obtaining water-quenched flow samples, spatter and volcanic bombs wherever possible. This was not possible for the early Moku‘āweoweo, Southwest Rift Zone and upper Northeast Rift Zone vents which erupted during the early hours of November 28th, 2022. Tephra from these vents were subsequently sampled after the summit phase of the eruption had ended. These samples were analyzed for bulk-rock major and trace element chemistry using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) spectroscopy.