Master Dataset for Elwha Carcass Addition Experiment - Elwha River salmon carcass addition experiment

Description

Dam removal and other fish-barrier removal projects in western North America are assumed to boost freshwater productivity via the transport of marine-derived nutrients from recolonizing Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp). In anticipation of the removal of two hydroelectric dams on the Elwha River in Washington State, we tested this hypothesis with a salmon carcass addition experiment. Our study was designed to examine how background nutrient dynamics and benthic foodwebs vary seasonally, and how these features respond to salmon subsidies. We conducted our experiment in six side channels of the Elwha River, each with a spatially paired reference and treatment reach. Each reach was sampled on multiple occasions from October 2007 to August 2008, before and after carcass placement. We evaluated nutrient limitation status, measured water chemistry, periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) response, and traced salmon-derived nutrient uptake using stable isotopes. Outside of winter, algal accrual was limited by both nitrogen and phosphorous and remained so even in the presence of salmon carcasses. One month after salmon addition, dissolved inorganic nitrogen levels doubled in treatment reaches. Two months after addition, benthic algal accrual was significantly elevated. We detected no changes in invertebrate or fish metrics, with the exception of 15N enrichment. Natural seasonal variability was greater than salmon effects for the majority of our response metrics. Yet seasonality and synchronicity of nutrient supply and demand are often overlooked in nutrient enhancement studies. Timing and magnitude of salmon-derived nitrogen uptake suggest that uptake of dissolved nutrients were favored over direct consumption of carcasses. The highest proportion of salmon-derived nitrogen was incorporated by herbivores (18–30%) and peaked 1–2 months after carcass addition. Peak nitrogen enrichment in predators (11–16%) occurred 2–3 months after addition. All taxa returned to background d15N levels by 7 months. Since this study was conducted, both dams on the Elwha River were removed over 2011-2014 to open over 90% of the basin to anadromous fishes. We anticipate that as the full portfolio of salmon species expand through the basin, nutrient supply and demand will become more balanced and positive feedback loops of reciprocal nutrient transfer reinforced. All datasets related to Elwha River carcass addition experiment. Includes physical habitat, chemical, and biological data.

Resources

Name Format Description Link
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/tables/table/elwha_carcass_addition
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parr/elwha_carcass_addition/data/page/
0 View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/20550
0 NWFSC Dataset Information page. All datasets related to Elwha River carcass addition experiment. Includes physical habitat, chemical, and biological data. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/datasets/dataset/2045
0 Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2024. GCMD Keywords, Version 19. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
33 NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/nwfsc/dmp/pdf/20550.pdf
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/tables/table/elwha_carcass_addition
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parr/elwha_carcass_addition/data/page/
0 View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/20550
0 NWFSC Dataset Information page. All datasets related to Elwha River carcass addition experiment. Includes physical habitat, chemical, and biological data. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/datasets/dataset/2045
33 NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/nwfsc/dmp/pdf/20550.pdf
0 Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2024. GCMD Keywords, Version 19. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/tables/table/elwha_carcass_addition
0 Master table of all datasets collected as part of Elwha River carcass addition experiment. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parr/elwha_carcass_addition/data/page/
0 View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/20550
0 NWFSC Dataset Information page. All datasets related to Elwha River carcass addition experiment. Includes physical habitat, chemical, and biological data. https://www.webapps.nwfsc.noaa.gov/apex/parrdata/inventory/datasets/dataset/2045
0 Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
33 NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/nwfsc/dmp/pdf/20550.pdf

Tags

  • animal and plant collection device
  • aquatic invertebrate
  • salmon
  • floodplain
  • periphyton
  • fe legacy data sets
  • nutrient enrichment
  • side channel
  • food web
  • instrument not applicable
  • northwest fisheries science center
  • doc/noaa/nmfs/nwfsc
  • effectiveness monitoring
  • national marine fisheries service
  • stable isotopes
  • noaa. u.s. department of commerce
  • marine derived nutrients
  • bottom sampler
  • dam removal
  • elwha river
  • habitat

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