Indicators of social segregation between colleges in departments

Description

Segregation indices aim to measure disparities between colleges in a synthetic way. They allow the comparison of disparities between colleges from one territory to another, and over time. As regards social segregation between institutions in a given territory, it is a question of comparing the social composition of each institution with the social composition of all college students in that territory. A high level of segregation indicates that colleges tend to move sharply away from the average social composition in the territory, and are therefore very different from each other. The differences in the social environment between colleges are measured here by an indicator of segregation, the index of entropy. This indicator varies between 0 and 1\. When it is high (close to 1), it means that the social gaps between colleges are very large and that within each college, the diversity of the social backgrounds represented is rather small; when the indicator is low (near 0), this indicates that the social gaps between colleges are smaller and that the social composition of each college is close to the social composition of all college students in the territory concerned. We'll say there’s a greater social mix between colleges. The entropy index, which has the property of being decomposable, is supported by three components: disparity between public colleges, that between private colleges, and finally the gap in social composition between the public and private sectors. For each of these components, it is possible to calculate its contribution to overall segregation. Students are categorised according to the profession and social category (PCS) of their manager. For couples, priority is given to the father’s PCS, even if it is the mother who has been identified as the primary responsible. CSPs are grouped into 4 categories: highly favoured: entrepreneurs with ten or more employees, executives and higher intellectual professions, teachers, school teachers; − favoured: intermediate occupations (except teachers and teachers of schools), retired executives and intermediate professions; — plea in law: farm farmers, craftsmen and traders (and corresponding retirees), employees; disadvantaged: workers, retired workers and employees, unemployed who have never worked, inactive non-pensioners. Uninformed CSPs are not taken into account, which is a change from the version of the data uploaded in 2022 where they were associated with disadvantaged CSPs. The social composition of a college corresponds to the distribution of pupils attending school in the four categories above. This file presents the entropy indices and their breakdown by education sector (public/private contract) at different geographical levels: · at national level (academy label=“whole France”), this field covers metropolitan France and DROMs; · at the level of each academy (department label = “Together of the academy”); · at the level of each department; Data from academies that include only one department appear only at the level of the department concerned (example: Paris). Example of reading: in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in 2014, social segregation between colleges, as measured by the entropy index, was 0.040 (0,035 considering only public colleges). 82 % of social segregation could be attributed to segregation in public colleges, 4 % to that in private colleges, and 14 % from differences in the diversity of social categories represented in the public and private sectors, taken as a whole. **Methodology on the construction of the college field for study** The field covers public and private colleges under contract. Some colleges are excluded from the entropy calculation for a given school year. This is the case for some colleges with an uninformed CSP rate of more than 25 % in a given year N, 2 cases: 1. The previous year (N-1), the rate was less than 25 %: in this case, the data for year N are imputed. The college is retained in the calculation of the entropy index with its imputed data. Imputation method:the distribution according to the CSP for year N-1 is applied to the number of pupils in year N. Example: number of students for college in year N = 600 with uninformed CSP for more than 25 % of them. It can be seen that in year N-1, the number of pupils was divided as follows: Highly favoured= 22 %, Favorited = 13 %, Average = 27 %, Disadvantaged = 33 %, Uninformed = 5 %. Staff for year N are charged as follows: Highly favoured = 22 % * 600 = 132 pupils, Favored = 13 % * 600 = 78, Average = 27 % * 600 = 162, Disadvantaged = 33 % * 600 = 198, Uninformed = 5 % * 600 = 30. 2. The previous year (N-1), the rate was also above 25 %:in this case, the college is excluded from the entropy calculation for year N. **References** For details on the measurement of segregation and in particular the properties of the entropy index, see: Givord P., Guillerm M., Monso O. and Murat F. (2016), “How to measure segregation in the education system? A study of the social composition of French colleges”, Education & Training, n°91, pp. 21-51, DEPP. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01447178 For the most recent publication using this data, see: Guillerm M., Monso O. (2022), “Evolution of the social mix of colleges”, Briefing Note, 22.26, DEPP. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03727756

Resources

Name Format Description Link
23 https://www.data.gouv.fr/api/1/datasets/r/e0c06b42-9fb7-492e-bf5d-a7170c6493d7
8 https://www.data.gouv.fr/api/1/datasets/r/50333396-0e84-4334-804b-c0e019cb276a

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  • etablissements-dont-ips
  • segregation-sociale
  • eleves-etudiants-et-apprentis
  • colleges

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