Genetic data from Red-cockaded woodpeckers (Dryobates borealis) used to assess changes in population genetic differentiation and diversity over the past century throughout the southeastern United States.

These data include nuclear microsatellite data and mitochondrial DNA sequences (mtDNA) for specimens of Red-cockaded woodpeckers collected from three time points: 1881-1969 (mtDNA only), 1992-1994, and 2010-2014. Additional information regarding individual identifiers, population assignment, regional assignment, and eco-regional assignment are included as are longitude/latitude coordinates for populations.