THANK-Delft extraction on land: sand, gravel and clay
Description
The map shows the geologically recoverable amount of sand, gravel and clay when no more than 5 meters of coating has to be excavated.
Surface minerals are used for the production of many building materials. Approximately 150 million tonnes of building materials are needed annually in the Netherlands. Part of it comes from abroad, part is obtained by re-use (15 to 20 %), but still a large part is obtained from primary extraction.
Since 1900, the extraction of uplift sand at various locations has been carried out by ground level reduction in the context of
agricultural improvements (land consolidation).
Since the 1970s, there has been a decrease in superficial unravelling due to increasing social resistance and stricter legislation. Sand extraction now mainly takes place in concentrated wells. In addition, extraction takes place through the "work with work making" principle. For example, in new construction projects, sand is extracted for use in the project and at the same time water storage is created.
For the extraction of surface minerals, approximately 400 hectares of surface area of our country is required per year. About half of them, about 200 hectares, remain as deep water. The other 200 hectares will be given a new spatial purpose through redevelopment, for example as a nature or recreation area. The alternative is the extraction of sand from the IJsselmeer, the Randmeren and the North Sea. The extraction of gravel is mainly planned to take place from the mesh works in Limburg.
The extraction and reservation of sand and gravel are regulated by law and land-based extraction locations are designated by the province. The extraction of sand and gravel creates a space confiscation that can conflict with other uses, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the extraction can also go hand in hand with furnishing issues such as giving space for the rivers and temporary water storage.
Resources
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https://data.rivm.nl/data/ank/DANK022_delfstoffen_land.zip |
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https://data.rivm.nl/geo/ank/wms?request=GetCapabilities |
Tags
- winning-zand-grid-diepte-nederland