Description
The Orange Keyhole Sponge, Mycale armata Thiele, was unknown in Hawaii prior to 1996. First reported in Pearl Harbor, it now occurs in virtually every commercial harbor in the main Hawaiian islands, where it can be a major component of the fouling community on harbor piers and jetties. It has been reported from a few coral reef locations near harbors, but in Kaneohe Bay it has become a major component of the benthic biota in the south bay in the last 5-10 years. A study was conducted in 2004-2005 to determine Mycale armata's distribution, abundance throughout the bay, its growth rates on permanent quadrats, and whether mechanical removal would be an effective management technique for its control. Results from 190 manta board surveys on 28 reefs and paired 25 m belt transects using photo quadrats on 19 reefs indicated that the sponge had maximal coverage in the south-central part of the bay, in the vicinity of Coconut Island.
Resources
| Name | Format | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| FTP | Unknown | These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). | |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 17. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| GCMD Keyword Forum Page | Unknown | Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Dataset Landing Page | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| HTTPS | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| Descriptive Information | Unknown | Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| NCEI Contact Information | Unknown | Information for contacts at NCEI. | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
| Bishop Museum website | Lotus Organizer | Institution web page | Open resource |
Tags
- algae
- algae species
- algal cover
- and kappaphycus sp.
- and substratum types within the photoquadrats
- biological survey
- biology
- biosphere
- central pacific ocean
- coastal processes
- coastal studies
- coconut island
- coconut island ( moku o loe ) (21n157w0005)
- coral cover
- coral reef
- coral reef ecology
- coral reefs
- corals and other invertebrates
- coral species
- country/territory
- distribution and relative abundance of mycale armata
- earth science
- frequency of occurrence of species
- gracilaria salicornia
- habitats
- hawaii
- hawaiian islands
- honolulu
- kaneohe bay
- kaneohe bay (21n157w0004)
- macroalgae
- marine organisms
- nonindigenous and crytogenic marine tax
- north pacific ocean
- numeric data sets
- oahu
- oahu (21n157w0003)
- oahu island
- ocean basin
- oceanography
- oceans
- pacific ocean
- percent cover of mycale armata
- relative abundance of the invasive algae dictyosphaeria cavernosa
- taxa
- total biota
- united states of america
- vegetation