Archival and Discovery of November 27, 1945 Tsunami Event on Marigrams

Description

These water level data were digitized from a scanned marigram image associated with the tsunami event of 1945-11-27 at a tide gauge located at Karachi, Pakistan, and referenced to station datum. The Karachi marigram is one of the two instrumental records existing of the 1945 Makran tsunami and spans most of the 16 days between November 15 and December 1. The original Karachi analog record belongs to the Survey of India (SOI) and was collected and digitized by the National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) and Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) for use in the publication of a few scientific papers. This digital marigram scan was reformatted into the accompanying digital, numerical time series by the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), Boulder, CO. Acknowledgement of SOI, NIO, and INCOIS should be included in any future scientific works using this record.

Resources

Name Format Description Link
32 Data access to scanned marigram netCDF data. https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/thredds/fileServer/marigrams/19451127_1761/digitized/kara_19451127.nc
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
57 Data access to scanned marigram TIFF data. https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/data/marigrams/1761/kara_19451127.zip
8 Data access to scanned marigram CSV data. https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/thredds/fileServer/marigrams/19451127_1761/digitized/kara_19451127.csv.gz
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
0 The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords
21 Access to historical tsunami source and effects information database on tsunami events from 2000 B.C. to the present in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, and the Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas. https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu_db.shtml
0 Providing station identification, location, provenance, and other documentation for the Karachi tide gauge station. https://www.psmsl.org/data/obtaining/stations/204.php
0 Diagram of vertical offsets among related historical datums at the Karachi tide gauge station. https://www.psmsl.org/data/obtaining/rlr.diagrams/204.php
0 Cite as: Adams, L.M., Atwater, B.F., and Hasan, H. Karachi tides during the 1945 Makran tsunami. Geosci. Lett. 5, 25 (2018) doi:10.1186/s40562-018-0121-z https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-018-0121-z
0 Cite as: Hasan, H., Atwater, B.F., and Ahmed, S. A digital elevation model for simulating the 1945 Makran tsunami in Karachi Harbour. Geosci. Lett. 5, 23 (2018) doi:10.1186/s40562-018-0117-8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-018-0117-8

Tags

  • human dimensions
  • tidal range
  • international council for science - world data system
  • earthquakes
  • icsu-wds
  • gauges
  • tsunamis
  • in situ/laboratory instruments
  • oceans
  • sea surface height
  • continent
  • arabian sea
  • pakistan
  • ocean waves
  • tide gauges
  • ocean platform/ocean stations
  • earth science
  • tidal heights
  • southcentral asia
  • indian ocean
  • ocean
  • doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei
  • asia
  • tidal height
  • coastal processes
  • karachi
  • in situ land-based platforms
  • coastal stations
  • national centers for environmental information
  • natural hazards
  • tides
  • tidal currents

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