Description
The Natura 2000 network is at the heart of EU nature conservation policy and is a key element of the objective of halting biodiversity loss.
This network, set up under the 1979 Birds Directive and the 1992 Habitats Directive, aims to ensure the long-term survival of particularly threatened species and habitats with high conservation challenges in Europe. It consists of a set of natural, terrestrial and marine sites, identified for the rarity or fragility of the species of flora and fauna and the natural environments they support.
The structuring of this network includes:
Special Protection Areas (SPAs) for the conservation of wild bird species listed in Annex I to the Birds Directive or which serve as breeding, moulting, wintering or relay areas for migratory birds;
Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) for the conservation of habitat types and animal and plant species listed in Annexes I and II of the Habitats Directive.
As regards the designation of SACs, each Member State shall submit its proposals to the European Commission in the form of a pSIC (Proposal for a Site of Community Importance). After approval by the Commission, the pSIC is listed as a Site of Community Importance (SCI) for the European Union and is integrated into the Natura 2000 network. A ministerial order then signs the site as a SAC.
The designation of SPAs is a national decision, resulting in a ministerial order, without requiring a prior dialogue with the European Commission.
Beyond the implementation of a coherent ecological network of representative areas, the Habitats Directive provides:
a system of strict protection for the species of Community interest listed in Annex IV;
an assessment of the impact of works or development projects within the network in order to avoid or reduce their impact;
an assessment of the conservation status of habitats and species of Community interest throughout the national territories of the European Union (Article 17).
Resources
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https://www.data.gouv.fr/api/1/datasets/r/879e29aa-75a4-42ff-88e7-d2e9b3f9e715 |
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https://www.data.gouv.fr/api/1/datasets/r/0c085fd2-79d8-4afe-aed8-6db3226ea4b3 |
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https://www.data.gouv.fr/api/1/datasets/r/939f828d-b070-44b4-843c-a465b6b2e440 |