National lowland observatory
Description
The national observatory of lowlands (ONDE) characterises summer lows by visual observation of the level of flow of certain metropolitan watercourses. It pursues the dual objective of building a stable knowledge network on summer lowlands and being a tool to assist in the anticipation and management of crisis situations. It thus endeavours to:
• Acquire robust and sustainable data, homogenise results and disseminate them to managers and decision-makers;
• Edit cartographic comparison points over time, also recoverable in crisis management.
The acquisition of low-speed data allows the analysis of the current situation, but also the analysis of the evolution of hydrological phenomena over time, over the short or medium term, thus helping the public authorities. The observational chronicles are also of interest to scientists, for example, for the development of low-water forecasting models or the understanding of water-river relationships. The data collected thus offers the opportunity to better take into account climate change and its impact on watercourses.
The Onde system took over from the historic ROCA (Assec Crisis Observation Network) and RDOE (Departmental Lowland Observation Network) systems at the national level since 2012. It is one of the tools listed in the circular of 18 May 2011 on exceptional measures to limit or suspend water uses in times of drought.
The stations of the wave system are mainly positioned at the head of the watershed to supplement the hydrological data on hydrographic hair not covered by other existing devices, but also to provide the information available to water managers (e.g. HYDRO and ADES banks).
Each department is covered by at least 30 observation stations. Today, the network has more than 3,300 stations. On the other hand, there is no station in the departments of the city of Paris, Seine-Saint-Denis and Hauts-de-Seine, which are mostly urban.
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